Upstream of Earth’s bow shock, the foreshock is filled with particles that have been reflected at the bow shock and are streaming away from it. Interaction of these particles with solar wind particles and discontinuities within this region can cause foreshock transients to form. Downstream of Earth’s bow shock, localized magnetosheath jets with high dynamic pressure are frequently observed. When such a fast magnetosheath jet compresses the ambient magnetosheath plasma, an earthward compressional bow wave/shock can form. Here I present that foreshock transients and magnetosheath jets can accelerate particles through shock drift acceleration, Fermi acceleration, and the betatron acceleration. Foreshock transients and magnetosheath jets therefore can increase the particle acceleration efficiency of the parent shock by providing additional acceleration. The shock environment relevant for particle acceleration is not just the shock itself, but also the nonlinear transient structures both upstream and downstream of it.
为了更好地了解空间物理各个领域的研究与进展，同时增进研究人员之间的交流，北京大学联合武汉大学、中国科技大学、南昌大学等高校及相关研究院所计划每周三下午三点邀请空间物理不同领域的专家在线上为大家科普一些相关基础知识与前沿发展动态。每个讲座包括提问环节将持续大约一个小时。如主讲专家同意，讲座将以录屏的形式上传到网上以方便大家的进一步学习和交流。
日冕物质抛射相互作用是日地空间中广泛存在的一种现象。已有研究表明，日冕物质抛射的相互作用可能显著影响他们的空间天气效应，包括（1）相互作用引起传播速度和方向的改变进而影响对地有效性；（2）相互作用导致南向磁场增强进而改变地磁效应；（3）相互作用引起的拓扑结构变化等导致高能粒子事件增强。
